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VPN types compared

All 34 types in one table, ordered by how widely they are deployed today. Everything here links through to a full explanation and a working config generator.

34 of 34 shown

Comparison of VPN types by connection scope, protocols, encryption and adoption
VPN type What it connects Protocols Encryption Used today Main use case Generator
WireGuardDevice/network → device/networkWireGuardEncryptedMost used98Fast, low-overhead tunnels for almost any topology. Generate
Remote-Access VPNIndividual device → private networkWireGuardIKEv2/IPsecOpenVPNSSL/TLSEncryptedMost used96Secure access to company resources from outside the office. Generate
Consumer VPNUser device → VPN providerWireGuardOpenVPNIKEv2/IPsecEncryptedMost used94Privacy on untrusted networks and changing apparent location. Generate
IPsec VPNDevice/network → device/networkIKEv2ESPAHEncryptedMost used92Both site-to-site links and standards-based remote access. Generate
Client-to-Site VPNVPN client → VPN gatewayOpenVPNWireGuardIKEv2/IPsecSSL VPNEncryptedMost used90Remote work with per-user authentication and access scoping. Generate
Site-to-Site VPNNetwork → networkIPsecGRE over IPsecWireGuardEncryptedMost used88Connecting branch offices and data centres. Generate
IKEv2/IPsecDevice → VPN gatewayIKEv2IPsec/ESPEncryptedMost used86Native OS remote access on iOS, macOS, Windows and Android. Generate
ZTNA / SASEUser/device → specific applicationTLSmTLSIdentity-aware proxiesEncryptedGrowing fast85Granting access to applications without exposing the network behind them. Generate
Cloud VPNOn-premises network → cloud networkIPsecIKEv2Provider-managed gatewaysEncryptedGrowing fast84Hybrid connectivity between a data centre and AWS, Azure or GCP. Generate
OpenVPNDevice/network → VPN serverOpenVPNEncryptedWidely used82General-purpose VPN where compatibility matters most. Generate
SD-WANSites, clouds and usersIPsecTLSVendor overlaysEncryptedGrowing fast80Replacing expensive private circuits with managed internet links. Generate
Corporate VPNEmployees → company networkIPsecSSL/TLSWireGuardEncryptedWidely used78Enterprise remote access under a single policy and audit trail. Generate
Peer-to-Peer / Mesh VPNDevice ↔ device/networkWireGuard-based overlaysProprietary mesh protocolsEncryptedGrowing fast76Connecting many devices without a central gateway to funnel through. Generate
SSL/TLS VPNUser/device → VPN gatewayTLSOpenConnectOpenVPNSSTPEncryptedWidely used74Remote access from hotel, airport and captive-portal networks. Generate
Mobile VPNMobile device → private networkIKEv2/IPsec (MOBIKE)WireGuardEncryptedWidely used72Keeping a session alive while moving between networks. Generate
Hub-and-Spoke VPNBranches → central hubIPsecWireGuardDMVPNEncryptedWidely used70Centralised branch connectivity and traffic inspection. Generate
Obfuscated VPN / proxyDevice → proxy/relay serverShadowsocksVMessVLESSTrojanEncryptedGrowing fast68Reaching the open internet where VPN protocols are detected and blocked. Generate
Intranet VPNOrganisation network → organisation networkIPsecMPLSSD-WANDepends on transportWidely used66One private network spanning every company location. Generate
Full-Mesh VPNEvery site ↔ every other siteWireGuardIPsecSD-WANEncryptedGrowing fast60Low-latency direct traffic between all locations. Generate
Extranet VPNOrganisation → partner organisationIPsecSSL/TLSEncryptedWidely used54Letting a partner reach a defined slice of your network. Generate
Dynamic VPNMultiple changing endpointsDMVPNSD-WANMesh overlaysEncryptedWidely used52Avoiding hand-configured tunnels in a network that keeps changing. Generate
OpenConnect / ocservClient → ocserv gatewayTLSDTLSAnyConnect-compatibleEncryptedNiche44Enterprise-style SSL VPN without proprietary licensing. Generate
MPLS VPNPrivate enterprise networksMPLSBGPVRFNot encryptedDeclining42Predictable, SLA-backed private WAN connectivity. Generate
GRE over IPsecRouter/network → router/networkGREIPsecEncryptedNiche40Carrying OSPF/EIGRP or multicast across an encrypted WAN. Generate
Clientless SSL VPNBrowser → VPN gateway / application portalSSL/TLSHTTPS reverse proxyEncryptedDeclining38Give unmanaged devices access to a handful of web applications. Generate
Layer-2 overlay networkDevice ↔ virtual LANZeroTier-style overlaysVXLANGENEVEEncryptedNiche36Making scattered machines behave like one LAN. Generate
DMVPNMany enterprise sitesmGRENHRPIPsecEncryptedDeclining34A WAN that behaves like a mesh without configuring every pair. Generate
Multi-hop VPNDevice → relay → exit → internetWireGuardOpenVPNShadowsocks chainsEncryptedNiche32Splitting trust between two independent servers. Generate
SSTPWindows device → VPN gatewaySSTPTLSPPPEncryptedDeclining30Remote access from networks that only allow HTTPS. Generate
VPLS / Layer-2 VPNLAN segment ↔ LAN segmentVPLSL2TPv3VXLANEoIPDepends on transportDeclining28Stretching a VLAN across locations. Generate
SoftEtherDevice/network → SoftEther serverSoftEtherOpenVPNL2TP/IPsecSSTPEncryptedNiche26Serving many different clients from a single gateway. Generate
L2TP/IPsecDevice → VPN gatewayL2TPIPsecEncryptedDeclining24Remote access on older equipment that offers nothing better. Generate
6in4 / IPv6 tunnelDevice/network → tunnel broker6in4GRETunnel brokersNot encryptedDeclining18Getting IPv6 connectivity where the ISP provides none. Generate
PPTPDevice → VPN serverPPTPGREMPPEBroken encryptionObsolete6Recognising and replacing an obsolete deployment. Generate

How to read this table

Encryption

“Not encrypted” means the technology isolates traffic without protecting it — MPLS and VXLAN both need IPsec on top if confidentiality matters.

Used today

A 0–100 score for real-world deployment in 2026. WireGuard leads on protocols; remote access leads on topologies.

Categories

Remote access, Site to site, Protocols, Overlay & managed, Legacy — filter by any of them in the catalogue.